“Seals can be either non-contact or contact by design. With a non-contact seal, similar to a shield, there is no contact to the bearing inner ring. A contact seal is designed to contact the bearing inner ring with the lip of the seal,” he said.

Hopefully, this gave you insight into how these three factors: application speeds, application loads, and shaft & housing materials can alter a bearing’s preload.

Bearing shieldtypes

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To summarize, make sure to know the shaft and housing material and the thermal expansion that may result during operation.

Includes built-in ball bearing support. Supports MEDIUM loads & low to medium torque capacity: 53 to 267 Nm. Bore (ID) sizes: 17 to 40 mm (0.669 to 1.57 in)

Preloading a ball bearing is required for angular contact bearings because they need constant contact between the balls and raceway, which is achieved through bearing preload.

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No built-in ball bearing support. Good for large orders & low to high torque needs: 1 to 2673 Nm. Bore (ID) sizes: 2 to 240 mm (0.078 to 9.448 in)

Our GMN Gap Seals are plastic and a great choice for washdown applications, such as food conveyors and food manufacturing facilities

Do shielded bearings need to be greased

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The constant contact between the balls and raceway allows angular contact bearings to operate at higher speeds and have higher load ratings than a common radial ball bearing.

This heavy-duty clutch (aka a hold-back clutch) is good for high torque operations and ensures motion freezes in place. Bore (ID) sizes: 15 to 40 mm. (0.59 to 1.73 in)

The type of mating material could increase or decrease a bearing press-fit, thereby canceling out bearing preload values.

Bearingseal types SKF

Regardless if you want to change the preload or you’re happy where it’s at, you need to be aware of these three outside influences that could change a ball bearing’s preload:

The best protection for your bearing. Easy to install with a simple “drop-in” next to your bearing. No added space needed. CF seals offer 100% sealing efficiency against splashing liquids.

It’s critical to know and understand the type of application load the ball bearings will support during operation. Make sure to also incorporate an effective bearing arrangement plan into the preload strategy.

Double shieldedbearing

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Non sealedbearing

Understanding how these three factors affect bearing preload will give you the knowledge to counteract it and create a strong bearing preload strategy.

Knowing this could save you from experiencing a bearing failure and will prevent press-fit and preload changes from occurring during operation.

Sealedbearingvs openbearing

If there is a known static axial load, like a heavy vertical shaft, then this needs to be considered in a preload strategy (and with the bearing arrangement).

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The labor charges for a wheel bearing replacement can fall between $60 to $300. And changing the wheel bearing usually takes around 1 to 1.5 hours.

In our previous article, we discussed the two common types of ball-bearing preload, factory preload, and spring preload. Sometimes those types of preload need to be further optimized or adjusted, other times the factory preload is good as-is and doesn’t need any adjusting.

For example, aluminum is considered a soft material, so if we compare it to 52100 bearing steel, the thermal expansion for aluminum is about double that of steel. This means the aluminum expands twice as much as 52100 bearing steel.

Designed with grooves in the outer ring to offer more protection (than our L-type seal) against contamination and direct spray liquids. Liquid gets pushed out through outer grooves when in rotation.

If you want to make sure that your shaft and housing units are machined within the right tolerance range, check out our tolerance calculator. Our thermal range calculator will show you how the material of the bearing, housing, and shaft will grow or shrink when in operation.

Sealed bearings

Preload counters centrifugal force and forces the balls back down in the right spot to keep the balls at their designated contact angle.

The selection of shields is dependent on the application and environment. Depending on the environment, shield/seal designs are offered with varying degrees of contamination resistance and torque (friction) characteristics. The seal lip can be further optimized by selecting either “standard” contact or “light” seal lip design which is dependent on torque and contamination conditions.

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Seals are constructed from various elastomeric materials. The type of seal material selected can depend on factors such as application temperature and compatibility with other adjacent substances.

Our onsite engineers geek out enjoy working with other engineers to help them put together a strong preload strategy. And they’d enjoy working with you too! Reach out to us on our contact form or give us a call at 800.323.5725 with any questions you may have.

The faster the rotational speeds (RPMs) the more centrifugal force is generated. Centrifugal force produces a powerful outward force on the balls as it rotates around the bearing.

Both non-contact seals and shields allow reduced rotational torque as there is no contact to the inner ring. However, non-contact enclosures generally provide less protection against contamination, as compared to contact seals.

“However, while contact seals provide better protection against contamination there is an increase in rotational torque due to friction between the seal lip and bearing inner ring. Sealing performance is a trade-off between protection and torque,” Picard warns.

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Picard concludes that it is critical to consult with a bearing application engineer in selecting the appropriate enclosure for your application to ensure the correct choice.

Why? A heavy vertical shaft that creates a static axial load can increase the load on the lower bearings and reduce (or maybe eliminate) the preload on the upper bearings. In this scenario, both bearings may have an equally short lifespan but for opposite reasons – preload that’s too low vs. too high.

Ball bearings are available with and without enclosures. Richard Picard, field applications engineer at NMB Technologies Corporation explains that compared to open bearings, shielded and sealed bearings provide better protection from contamination and also add protection against lubrication migration.

When creating your preload strategy, make sure to think about the amount of force that will be generated when operating at full speed. Once you know this, then you can balance it out with the right amount of bearing preload.

We know that not every application requires super, high-precision bearings. We stock other industrial parts from quality brands.

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Shieldedbearingvs sealedbearing

Why is this important? Well, if an aluminum housing is mated with our 52100 bearing steel S6005 angular contact bearing, a 68°F (20°C) rise in application temperature (from room temperature) can create ~11 microns of growth between the steel bearing and aluminum housing. This growth could decrease the press-fit and cancel out the bearing preload.

This ultrasonic leak detector includes a transmitter, headphones, a carrying case, and batteries. It has a frequency response of 40 hertz to 40 kilohertz.

Includes built-in ball bearing support. Supports HEAVY loads & has a high torque capacity: 53 to 588 Nm. Bore (ID) sizes: 10 to 60 mm (0.393 to 2.362 in)

No built-in ball bearing support. Has no RPM limits & Supports high torque needs: 609 to 14,060 Nm. Bore (ID) sizes: 38.09 to 220 mm (1.499 to 8.66 in)

Wheel bearings and ball joints are important components of a car's suspension and steering system. That said, both operate differently.

“The selection of a shield or seal is dependent on the bearing application and environment,” said Picard. “Shields are metallic and there is no contact between the shield bore and the bearing inner ring. Metallic shields are the most common and affordable type of bearing enclosure.”

Understanding these outside influences and how it affects the bearing’s preload will allow you to prepare a strong preload strategy that will counteract those effects.

Without enough preload, a high-speed application with a 15°(C) angular contact bearing could have the contact angle (on the outer ring) decrease to 5° or less, and that contact angle (on the inner ring) increase to 28° or more. This would have dire consequences and could lead to the bearing locking up due to pinching or the balls would go from rolling to skidding on the bearing raceway and cause excessive heat and damage.