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Bearings can be classified as slide bearings or roller bearings depending on the nature of their motion. In slide bearings, there is a sliding motion between the bearing and the supported component. In roller bearings, there is both sliding motion and rolling motion between rolling bodies and the supported component. Sliding motion is undesirable in roller bearings, e.g. between rolling body and cage. The bearing force is transferred in the roller bearing by means of rolling. In both types of bearings—the slide bearing and the roller bearing—frictional forces occur during operation, which oppose resistance to the movement.

Compared to ball bearings and ordinary roller bearings, needle bearings have a greater surface area in contact with the races, so they can support a greater load. They are also thinner, so they require less clearance between the axle and the surrounding structure.

1 experimental unit 6 bearing shells 2 roller bearings 1 set of weights 1 storage system 1 set of instructional material

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The TM 232 experimental unit allows investigations of friction on slide bearings with different bearing shells and on roller bearings. A shaft with a cable drum and flywheel is mounted on a base plate. The weight of the heavy flywheel generates bearing forces. A moment is applied by means of weights, which is equal to the friction moment at the start of the rotation. Replaceable bearing shells are used as slide bearings. The coefficients of friction are determined in experiments. Bearing shells made of different materials are included in the scope of delivery in order to study different friction pairings. The bearing friction is very low when using the roller bearing. In this case, the flywheel can be used for basic experiments on rotational dynamics.

Needle bearings are heavily used in automobile components such as rocker arm pivots, pumps, compressors, and transmissions. The drive shaft of a rear-wheel drive vehicle typically has at least eight needle bearings (four in each U joint) and often more if it is particularly long, or operates on steep slopes.[2]

A needle roller bearing is a special type of roller bearing which uses long, thin cylindrical rollers resembling needles. Ordinary roller bearings' rollers are only slightly longer than their diameter, but needle bearings typically have rollers that are at least four times longer than their diameter.[1] Like all bearings, they are used to reduce the friction of a rotating surface.

The experimental unit is designed to be fixed to a wall. The parts of the experiment are clearly laid out and securely housed in a storage system.