“The drive axle bolt may be loosened a maximum of 90° when the vehicle is standing on its wheels. Vehicles without a drive axle must not be moved, otherwise the wheel bearing will be damaged.”

These hub assemblies have a permanent preload which is set from the factory. Orbital formed hub assemblies are less likely to fail prematurely due to incorrect torque applied during install, and offer a number of advantages including:

Modern wheel bearing assemblies are precision-engineered parts which are subjected to tremendous loads while driving. Despite their strength and durability, they are vulnerable to certain forces which may occur during service.

To loosen the CV axle bolt you’ll need to lift the vehicle, so the wheels are hanging free, have a second technician press and hold the brake pedal while you remove the bolt. When reassembling the vehicle, have a second technician press and hold the brake pedal while you torque the bolt to 200 Nm, then lower the vehicle onto its wheels and turn the bolt another 180°.

Methods: This is a quality improvement project using the 2As and R method of smoking cessation to improve referral rates to a pharmacy smoking cessation program. Providers in a pulmonary clinic were educated on the 2As and R method, the in-house pharmacy smoking cessation program, and how to place referrals to the program. Data was obtained from the pharmacy program coordinator and reviewed by the principal investigator.

Background: Smoking is a habit of millions of Americans despite the associated preventable health issues and death that it produces. Smoking cessation programs, particularly those using pharmacotherapy, are effective in increasing smoking cessation rates. However, smoking cessation programs remain underutilized.

Holloway, Jennifer, "Using the 2As and R Method to Encourage Referral to Smoking Cessation Counseling in an Urban Pulmonary Clinic" (2023). Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects. 105. https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/etds_nursing/105

These procedures will vary from one car manufacturer to another; this is why it’s so important to read the OE service information before starting a repair.

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Results: The pre-intervention rate of referrals to the pharmacy was 6.47% (18 patients out of 278) and the post-intervention rate was 10.91% (30 patients out of 275). Although there was an increase in referral rates post-intervention, this increase was not statistically significant. The increase does demonstrate clinical significance.

We’d like to conclude by briefly talking about orbital formed hub assemblies, also referred to as rolled closure style hub assemblies.

Now, if there is no preload on the wheel bearing, that means that there would be clearance between the rolling elements inside. If the full weight of the vehicle was placed onto the tires with no preload on the wheel bearings, they would be damaged.

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Purpose: The purpose of the DNP project is to educate providers on using the 2As and R (ask, advise, and refer) of smoking cessation to assess a patient’s readiness to quit and refer to smoking cessation counseling. For providers working in an urban pulmonary clinic, does education regarding the use of the 2As and R method as a standardized intervention to assess readiness for referral to smoking cessation counseling compared to no education regarding a standardized intervention increase the number of patients referred for smoking cessation counseling over eight weeks?

Wheel bearing assemblies are held together by a nut or bolt which secures the CV axle outer joint inside the hub. Tightening this nut or bolt will place tension onto the wheel bearing, which is known as preload. The purpose of preload is to eliminate clearance inside the bearing and help it roll smoothly down the road.

Conclusion: The 2As and R method of smoking cessation is effective in increasing the number of referrals to a smoking cessation program. The change was not statistically significant, however, the improvement in referral rates was encouraging.

The BCA HUB video series brings together the latest video tech tips on wheel hubs, bearings and seals, featuring the experts you trust. Brought to you by BCA Bearings by NTN.